Advancing cervical cancer screening: What you need to know

Cervical cancer is one of the most preventable cancers, yet it continues to claim the lives of thousands of women each year—many in the prime of their lives. With groundbreaking advancements in screening and vaccines, we have powerful tools to protect against cervical cancer and its primary cause, the human papillomavirus (HPV). However, gaps in awareness and access mean too many women remain at risk. In recognition of Cervical Health Awareness Month, Private Health Management (PHM) is sharing the latest innovations and recommendations in cervical cancer prevention to provide you with knowledge and resources needed for early detection.

Cervical cancer screening recommendations
Cervical cancer screening relies on two primary tests, both performed using a sample collected from around the cervix. The first is a DNA-based testing for HPV, which identifies the presence of high-risk strains that can lead to cancer. The second is the Pap test, which looks for abnormal changes in the cervical cells under a microscope. While cervical cancer screening guidelines differ slightly across various medical organizations, many now emphasize HPV testing alone or in combination with the Pap test. Regardless of the specific test used, experts universally agree that regular screening is effective for the prevention of cervical cancer.

Screening guidelines

A new screening option
In December of 2024, USPSTF gave the first endorsement in the U.S. of a self-sampling kit for HPV testing. Instead of undergoing a pelvic exam, this test allows patients to privately collect their own sample in a doctor’s office. Research indicates that self-collection for HPV testing is as accurate as samples collected by clinicians.¹ It has also been shown to improve screening rates, particularly among groups that are typically under screened.³ This option provides women with a new and valuable alternative, especially for those who encounter barriers to accessing care or feel uncomfortable with traditional screening methods.

Why screening matters
Cervical cancer is often asymptomatic in its early stages, making regular screening crucial for catching abnormalities before they progress. Here are some key reasons why screening is essential:

• Early Detection Saves Lives: When detected early, cervical cancer is highly treatable, with survival rates significantly higher than advanced-stage diagnoses.
• Prevention Opportunities: Screening can identify precancerous changes, allowing for intervention before cancer develops.
• Empowering Individuals: Access to regular screening empowers people with the knowledge to take charge of their health.

References

1. U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Issues Draft Recommendation Statement on Screening for Cervical Cancer.
2. Cancer Screening Guidelines | Detecting Cancer Early. https://www.cancer.org/cancer/screening/american-cancer-society-guidelines-for-the-early-detection-of-cancer.html.
3. The Future of Cervical Cancer Screening | IJWH. https://www.dovepress.com/the-future-of-cervical-cancer-screening-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IJWH.